Madagascar Energy Storage New Energy

According to UNDP/UNCDF, people in Madagascar spend USD 626 million annually on all energy sources. Of this spending, 38% is spent on electricity. 58% is spent on other energy sources such as charcoal, oil or candles and the remaining 4% is spent on gas.

These statistical analyses show that energy is most used in the residential sector in Madagascar. These results are in agreement with those found by Kameni et al. [ 2 ].Globally, in Sub-Saharan Africa, and similarly in many countries in Asia and Europe, a good quantity of energy is consumed in the residential sectors and in the industrial sector.

The energy information system in Madagascar in its presentation of the energy balance, showed that in 2017, the energy production was estimated at 6433 kilo tons oil equivalent (ktoe), and imports of 1183ktoe, to give a total energy supply of 7671 ktoe [ 60 ]. The 2838 ktoe were transformed into electricity, fuel, wood energy and Charcoal.

With an estimated potential of around 2000 kWh/m 2 /year in 2018, Madagascar is ranked as one among the countries, worldwide, as being rich in solar energy [ 1 ]. This energy is currently used for cooking, heating, drying, lighting, conservative medicine, air conditioners and pumps [ 2 ].

In Madagascar, solar potential was estimated to be around 2,000 kWh/m 2 /year, exploited at less of 3%; only 1.3% of its hydroelectric potential was exploited; wind power potential was estimated over 2,000 MW and exploited at less of 5%.

Madagascar should insist on the development of renewable energy for it emergence in 2030.In this sense, the ministry of energy explained that, energy policy for 2015–2030 in Madagascar, addresses several pressing economic, social, and environmental challenges.