Energy Storage Container Safety Risk Assessment

While the traditional safety engineering risk assessment method are still applicable to new energy storage system, the fast pace of technological change is introducing unknown into systems and creates new paths to hazards and losses (e.g., software control).

Electrical energy storage (EES) systems - Part 5-3. Safety requirements for electrochemical based EES systems considering initially non-anticipated modifications, partial replacement, changing application, relocation and loading reused battery.

This work describes an improved risk assessment approach for analyzing safety designs in the battery energy storage system incorporated in large-scale solar to improve accident prevention and mitigation, via incorporating probabilistic event tree and systems theoretic analysis. The causal factors and mitigation measures are presented.

This paper demonstrated that systemic based risk assessment such Systems Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) is suitable for complicated energy storage system but argues that element of probabilistic risk-based assessment needs to be incorporated.

Since the publication of the first Energy Storage Safety Strategic Plan in 2014, there have been introductions of new technologies, new use cases, and new codes, standards, regulations, and testing methods. Additionally, failures in deployed energy storage systems (ESS) have led to new emergency response best practices.

Energy storage safety gaps identified in 2014 and 2023. Several gap areas were identified for validated safety and reliability, with an emphasis on Li-ion system design and operation but a recognition that significant research is needed to identify the risks of emerging technologies.