Energy Storage Island New Energy

3.2. Energy Storage Technologies and Their Role in Island Energy Systems Energy storage is widely recognized as a crucial facilitator of high renewable energy penetration in island systems [70, 71]. This thematic area explores different storage solutions, including BESSs, hydrogen storage, PHS, and flywheels.

Solutions like energy storage (ES), microgrid development, hybrid systems, demand management, distributed generation (DG), and smart grid construction are improving its utilization (Kuang et al., 2016). For island, it's critical to design clean, locally-adapted, low-cost energy systems.

Island power grids use renewable energy sources like hydropower, wind, and solar. Some islands also tap into biomass, geothermal, and marine energy. Energy facilities on the islands vary, integrated development is the core of building a new energy system, different energy combinations can yield additional economic benefits.

Island Integrated Energy System (IES) leverages energy cascade utilization and multi-energy coupling, coordinating various energy resources and integrating source-grid-load-storage. Figure 2 illustrates the basic framework of an Island IES based on existing research.

Combining marine renewable energy with traditional energy and rationally constructing an integrated island energy system is crucial to alleviating island energy supply problems and the clean transformation of coastal energy.

The study suggests that interconnecting smaller island systems can provide significant benefits, including reduced energy costs and improved reliability. Reunion Island has set an ambitious goal to achieve 100% renewable energy by 2030, using a comprehensive approach that combines solar, wind, and advanced energy storage technologies.