Double-glass bifacial BIPV components

Currently, 90% of the bifacial modules are double-glass modules. At the beginning of the bifa-cial era, many double-glass modules were offered with a frameless version. Due to glass breakage during mounting and difficulties related to complicated mounting systems, double-glass modules with frames became state of the art.

Compared to the double-glass bifacial module, a 2% higher Isc is ob-served for the white bifacial module, which corresponds to a 2.2% higher power rating. White encapsulant can even help monofacial cells achieve pseudo-bifaciality.

Systems 1 through 3 at each site have four monofacial and four bifacial PV modules, and systems 4 and 5 contain two monofacial and two bifacial modules. Each module is grid-connected by a microinverter and monitored for DC current and voltage.

Bifacial PV modules in the PV market have two different backsheet materials, namely glass and transparent organic material, whose characterizations are listed in Table 1. Different materials with different characterizations provide the PV market with selective chance under various conditions. Table 1. Characterizations of bPV backsheet materials.

Degradation due to potential differences has been seen in bifacial PV modules based on different types of bifacial solar cells: n-type, and p-type, . The frame, glass, encapsulant, and other module packaging components can play an im-portant role in the extent of PID of PV modules.

The outdoor studies revealed clear advantages in the energy yield performance of bifacial over monofacial PV modules. However, the quantification of energy gain is only possible when the module performance ratio is referred to the output power of the front side. Bifaciality depends strongly on cell-technology, varying from 60% to 90%.