Microgrid energy storage capacity configuration

Optimizing the configuration and scheduling of grid-forming energy storage is critical to ensure the stable and efficient operation of the microgrid. Therefore, this paper incorporates both the construction and operational costs of energy storage into the objective function.

To improve the accuracy of capacity configuration of ES and the stability of microgrids, this study proposes a capacity configuration optimization model of ES for the microgrid, considering source–load prediction uncertainty and demand response (DR). First, a microgrid, including electric vehicles, is constructed.

1. An energy storage configuration and scheduling strategy for microgrid with consideration of grid-forming capability is proposed. The objective function incorporates both the investment and operational costs of energy storage. Constraints related to inertia support and reserved power are also established.

If power transmission is allowed between microgrids, simultaneously configuring hydrogen energy storage and electrochemical energy storage is the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution. The investment price of hydrogen energy storage is the most important factor affecting the allocation of energy storage capacity.

The fluctuation of renewable energy resources and the uncertainty of demand-side loads affect the accuracy of the configuration of energy storage (ES) in microgrids. High peak-to-valley differences on the load side also affect the stable operation of the microgrid.

Among them, the installed capacity of wind and solar power in the four microgrids is the same, both of which are 400 MW, the results are shown below (Table 1, Table 2; Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8). Table 1. Configuration results of mixed energy storage capacity for multiple microgrids. Table 2.